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Кыргыз улуттук агрардык университетинин жарчысы

Макаланы издөө

Казакстан Республикасында эт багытындагы мал чарбасын колдоо боюнча мамлекеттик саясат: Абай аймагынын мисалында субсидиялоо жана жеңилдетилген насыя берүү механизмдери

К Куаныш Сулейменов
Кабыл алынган убакыт 26.12.2025
Түзөтүлгөн 11.05.2026
Жарыяланган 15.06.2026

Аннотация

Бул изилдөө Казакстанда эт багытындагы уй чарбасын колдоого багытталган мамлекеттик саясаттын натыйжалуулугун субсидиялар менен жеңилдетилген насыялоонун регионалдык деңгээлдеги өз ара байланышын талдоо аркылуу баалоону максат кылды. Өндүрүш көрсөткүчтөрүнүн, инвестициялык активдүүлүктүн жана бюджеттик параметрлердин убакыт бою динамикасын түшүндүрүү үчүн институционалдык, салыштырмалуу жана эмпирикалык-статистикалык анализдердин айкалышы колдонулду. Нәтижелер көрсөткөндөй, мамлекеттик колдоонун институционалдык түзүмү көп деңгээлдүү болуп, борбордук жана регионалдык бийлик органдарынын ортосунда ыйгарым укуктардын расмий бөлүнүшү пайда болгон. Абай аймагындагы каржылоо структурасы түздөн-түз колдоонун (4,8 млрд теңге) ордуна каржылык инструменттердин (7,8 млрд теңге) үстөмдүгү менен мүнөздөлгөнү аныкталды, бул инвестициялык активдүүлүктү стимулдаштырууга багытталган саясаттын өзгөрүшүн көрсөтөт. Малдын саны жана өндүрүш структурасына эмпирикалык анализ кеңири өнүгүү моделине артыкчылык берилишин көрсөттү, бул малдын санынын ылдамыраак өсүшү (сиырлардын саны 2,4 %га өсүп) менен, ал эми продукция өсүшү (эт өндүрүшү 2,7 %га өсүп) ортосундагы айырмачылык аркылуу далилденди. Бирок насыя алуу мүмкүнчүлүгү бирдей эмес бойдон калууда, анткени кепилдик талаптары чакан өндүрүүчүлөрдүн каржылоо программаларына катышуусун чектейт. Бул сектор ичиндеги структуралык ажырымдын бекемделишине өбөлгө түзөт: айыл чарба чарбалары эт өндүрүшүнүн 55 %ын түзсө, үй чарбалар болгону 15 %ын гана түзөт. Алынган натыйжаларды жалпылоо мамлекеттик саясаттын натыйжалуулугу каржылоо көлөмү менен гана эмес, колдоо куралдарынын шайкештиги, институционалдык интеграция деңгээли жана ар кандай өндүрүүчү категорияларына жеткиликтүүлүк менен да аныкталарын көрсөттү. Натыйжалардын практикалык маанилүүлүгү кичи өндүрүүчүлөр үчүн субсидия программаларындагы катышуу критерийлерин кайра карап чыгууда, анын ичинде долбоордун кубаттуулук талаптарын төмөндөтүүдө жана айыл чарба тармагында төлөмдөрдү өндүрүш циклдерине шайкеш келтирип бюджетти пландоону жөнгө салууда колдонуу мүмкүнчүлүгүндө жатат

Негизги сөздөр

бюджеттик трансферттер; кийинкиге калтырылган милдеттенмелер; экстенсивдүү модель; инвестициялык долбоорлор; кластердик модель; айыл чарба тармагын санариптештирүү
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