DEGRADATION IN AGRICULTURE DURING THE YEARS OF KYRGYZSTAN'S INDEPENDENCE IMPACT ON WOMEN

Received 27.07.2022
Revised 18.10.2022
Published 24.11.2022

Abstract

The article examines the fact that, based on the economic reforms carried out in Kyrgyzstan, unemployment and poverty have increased, migration has intensified in the regions, and rural women make up a significant part of them. Migrant women contribute to the national economy through remittances, but are also subject to "illegal" migration

Keywords

Women agriculture poverty unemployment migration human trafficking
Suggested citation
Karabaeva, K., & Imanov, A. (2022). DEGRADATION IN AGRICULTURE DURING THE YEARS OF KYRGYZSTAN'S INDEPENDENCE IMPACT ON WOMEN . Bulletin of the Kyrgyz National Agrarian University, 20(4), 162-169.

References

[1] Chotonov, U. (1995). Sovereign Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek.

[2] Mombekova, Zh. (2017). New history of Kyrgyzstan. Bishkek.

[3] Osmonov, O.Dzh. (2012). History of Kyrgyzstan (from ancient times to the present day). Bishkek.

[4] Over 1.5 million people in Kyrgyzstan live in poverty. (2021). Retrieved from https://www.azattyk.org/a/31305905.html.

[5] In the Kyrgyz Republic, the poor spend 70% of their income on food – UN. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.akchabar.kg/ru/news/v-kr-bednye-tratyat-70-dohodov-na-produkty-pitaniya-oon/.

[6] Koichumanova, Ch. (2021). Women's destinies: You don't choose the times. Bishkek.

[7] Data from the National Statistical Committee of the Kyrgyz Republic. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://stat.kg/ru/opendata/category/20/.

[8] National Institute for Strategic Studies of the Kyrgyz Republic. Kyrgyzstan extended migration profile 2015-2018. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.nisi.kg/images/stati/Migration%20Profile%202018%20in%20Russian.pdf.

[9] Migrant by nature: Who is now going to work in Russia? (2017). Retrieved from https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/3380376.

[10] International Federation for Human Rights. (2016). Women and children from Kyrgyzstan involved in migration. Retrieved from https://www.fidh.org/IMG/pdf/rapport_kyrgyzstan_ru-web.pdf.

[11] United Nations. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/UnitedNationsRussian/.

[12] RCP. (2017). Unified migration report in the Kyrgyz Republic, Republic of Armenia, Republic of Tajikistan, and Russian Federation. Resource Center for the Elderly.

[13] Current migration situation and trends in Kyrgyzstan. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://kyrgyzstan.iom.int/ru/news/текущая-миграционная-ситуация-и-тенденции-в-кыргызстане.

[14] World Bank Group, migration and development brief 27. (2017). Retrieved from http://pubdocs.worldbank.org/en/99237149270671662/MigrationandDevelopmentBrief27.pdf.

[15] Rubtsova, E., Abdukadyrova, L., & Tulegabylova, N. (2021). Educational module on safe migration issues for 9th and 11th grade students of general education institutions. Bishkek.

[16] Kerwin, D. (2014). Human security, civil society, and migration. In M. Wohlfeld (Ed.), Is migration a security issue? (p. 70). Retrieved from https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/e829/de6ceb77be4395a942387fe187568b6b0de1.pdf.

[17] U.S. Department of State Report on Trafficking in Persons. (2019). Retrieved from http://kg.usembassy.gov/wp-content/uploads/sites/190/2019-TIP-Report-Country-Narrative_RU.pdf.

[18] Countering human trafficking and assisting migrants in Central Asia. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://iom.kg/?page_id=116.

[19] Global Slavery Index – 2018. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.globalslaveryindex.org/2018/data/maps/#prevalence.

[20] Kyrgyzstan is becoming a hub for international transit. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.fergananews.com/articles.

[21] Most victims of human trafficking are migrants. (2017). Conference “Protection of the rights of labor migrants and prevention of slavery”. Retrieved from https://rus.azattyk.org/a/28843683.html.

[22] Iyazalieva, K.T. (2014). Social challenges of labor migration in Kyrgyzstan. Retrieved from https://www.auca.kg/uploads/Migration%20Projects/CEP%20OSF%20project/Conference%20materials/Presentation_Iyazalieva_12.06.14.pdf.