Abstract
The study was conducted at the Institute of Plant Growing and Agriculture during 2019–2020. The research objects were seeds of spring wheat varieties Darkhan 131, Darkhan 160, Darkhan 34, Darkhan 212, Darkhan 144, and Darkhan 181. Seeds were divided into four fractions (2.0–2.2 mm, 2.2–2.5 mm, 2.5–2.8 mm, and 2.8–3.0 mm) using a laboratory separator “EML–200.” The spring wheat varieties Darkhan 181, Darkhan 131, and Darkhan 34 formed heavier seeds (40–43 g) in the middle part of the ear. In the medium-late variety Darkhan 144, the weight of 1000 seeds was highest in the middle part of the ear, exceeding other varieties by 3–4 g. In the main productive stem, the share of 2.5–2.8 mm seed fraction was 71.2%, and that of the 2.2–2.5 mm fraction was 26.8%. This indicates that higher-quality seeds are formed in the main stem. Moreover, as tillering increases, there is a tendency toward a higher proportion of small seeds
Keywords
References
- Alekseychuk, G.N. (2009). The growth force of cereal seeds and its assessment by the accelerated aging method. Minsk: Pravo i Ekonomika.
- Batbold, S., Erdenedchimeg, P., Ganbaatar, B., & Myagmarsuren, Y. (2014). A new variety of spring wheat. Agricultural Science, 12(01), 85-88.
- Berezkin, A.I., Malko, A.M., Smirnova, L.A., Islamov, M.N., Gorbachev, I.V., & Beriozkina, L.L. (2006). Factors and conditions for the development of seed production of agricultural plants in the Russian Federation. Moscow: RSAU-MTAA.
- Ganbaatar, S. (2001). Seed production. Ulaanbaatar.
- Medvedev, A.M. (2009). On improving the system of seed production of agricultural plants. In Status and prospects of seed production in the Russian Federation: Materials of the All-Russian scientific and practical conference (pp. 21-28). Kurgan.
- Myagmarsuren, Y. (2018). Varietal and seed policy of grain crops. Agrobiology, 1, 7-9.
- Myagmarsuren, Y., Ganbaatar, B., & Dolgor, T. (2013). Successes in breeding and seed production of grain crops in Mongolia. Proceedings of the Institute of Plant Growing and Agriculture, 30, 17-21.
- Ovcharov, K.E. (1966). Heterogeneity of seeds and plant productivity. Moscow: Kolos.
- Ryachkova, N.V., & Makoveeva, Kh.Kh. (2009). The influence of pre-sowing fractionation of seeds on the sowing qualities and yield of spring rapeseed under different sowing methods and nutrition backgrounds. Agrarian Bulletin of the Urals, 9(63), 59-61.
- Stepanov, S.A., Kuzmina, A.V., & Goryunov, A.A. (2009). Morphological differences of the embryonic shoot of caryopses from different parts of the wheat spike. Bulletin of the Saratov State Agrarian University named after N.I. Vavilov, 2, 38-40.
- Tkachenko, K.G. (2020). Heterogeneity of fruits and seeds, determining the rhythms of development of individuals of the new generation. Hortus Botanicus, 15, 226-253.
- Khishigjargal, G. (2022). Results of the study of sowing quality and some physical indicators of spring wheat grain. (Abstract of Doctor of Agricultural Sciences dissertation, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia).